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Attorneys Who Intentionally Breach a Fiduciary Duty May Owe Counsel Fees to a Nonclient
Attorneys Who Intentionally Breach a Fiduciary Duty May Owe Counsel Fees to a Nonclient
By Thomas Paschos, Esq. of Thomas Paschos & Associates, P.C.
In
Innes v. Marzano-Lesnevich , 2016 N.J. LEXIS 331 (N.J. Apr. 26, 2016), Plaintiff Peter Innes and his wife, Maria Jose Carrascosa, were involved in a contentious divorce and custody battle over their daughter Victoria. Innes is a citizen of the United States and a resident of New Jersey. Carrascosa is a Spanish national and a permanent resident of New Jersey. They were married in Spain in 1999, and Victoria, their only child, was born in New Jersey in 2000. Victoria is a dual citizen of the United States and Spain. During the course of their domestic relations litigation, the parties entered into an agreement whereby CarrascosaaEUR(TM)s attorneys would hold VictoriaaEUR(TM)s United States and Spanish passports in trust to restrict travel outside of the United States with Victoria without written permission of the other party (the Agreement).
CarrascosaaEUR(TM)s attorney at the time the Agreement was entered into was Mitchell A. Liebowitz, Esq. Innes was represented by third-party defendant Peter Van Aulen. Carrascosa discharged Liebowitz and retained defendants Madeline Marzano-Lesnevich, Esq. Defendant Marzano-Lesnevich received CarrascosaaEUR(TM)s file from Liebowitz, including the Agreement and VictoriaaEUR(TM)s United States passport. In December 2004, Carrascosa obtained VictoriaaEUR(TM)s United States passport from defendants, and used the passport to remove Victoria from the United States to Spain on January 13, 2005.
Innes filed a petition under the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction for VictoriaaEUR(TM)s return to the United States and traveled to Spain for a hearing on the petition. The Spanish court denied the petition and ordered Victoria to remain in Spain until age eighteen.
The divorce litigation continued in New Jersey. The Family Part judge entered a judgment of divorce and granted Innes sole legal and residential custody of Victoria. The judgment gave Carrascosa ten days to bring Victoria back to the United States, but Carrascosa failed to comply with the order.
In October 2007, Innes filed a complaint in the Law Division against defendants, Van Aulen, and Liebowitz. Innes alleged, in part, that they improperly released Victoria's United States passport to Carrascosa and intentionally interfered with the Agreement. Innes requested relief, including damages and attorneys' fees. The trial court denied defendants motion for summary judgment, concluding that defendants owed a duty to Innes, and also denied defendants motion to exclude any claim for counsel fees.
At the conclusion of trial, the only issue submitted to the jury was whether defendants were negligent in releasing VictoriaaEUR(TM)s United States passport to Carrascosa. The jury determined that defendants were negligent and awarded damages to Innes and Victoria. The trial court denied defendantaEUR(TM)s motion for a new trial and their motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict, but granted Innes motion to amend the judgment for counsel fees and costs. The judge explained that an award of attorneys fees was appropriate because the jury decided that the defendants deviated from the standard of care and thereby breached a duty owed to Peter and Victoria Innes when they gave Ms. Carrascosa VictoriaaEUR(TM)s passport. As such, the traditional rule that warrants an award of fees in legal malpractice cases extends to the matter at bar.
Following defendants' appeal, the Appellate Division concluded that awarding Innes attorneys' fees was appropriate even though no attorney-client relationship existed between Innes and defendants. In doing so, the panel concluded that defendants intentionally violated the Agreement. The Supreme Court granted defendants' petition for certification.
The issue on appeal was whether, in prosecuting a fiduciary malfeasance action against an attorney who intentionally violates an escrow agreement, the prevailing beneficiary may recover attorneys fees. The Supreme Court ruled that attorneys who intentionally breach a fiduciary duty can owe counsel fees to a nonclient. Specifically, the court held that here the defendant attorneys can be held liable for counsel fees if, as trustees and escrow agents for both Innes and Carrascosa, they intentionally breached their fiduciary obligation to Innes by releasing Victoria's United States passport to Carrascosa without Innes' permission
For additional information, please contact Thomas at
TPaschos@paschoslaw.com or (
856)354-1900
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